2012年1月21日 星期六

How to Interpret Elevated Cardiac Troponin Levels

How to Interpret Elevated Cardiac Troponin Levels
Circulation 2011;124:2350-2354.

Evolution of the cardiac troponin assays and their diagnostic cutoffs

The 99th Percentile Rule
In the presence of a clinical history suggestive of ACS, the following is considered indicative of myocardial necrosis consistent with myocardial infarction: maximal concentration of cTn exceeding the 99th percentile of values for a reference control group on at least one occasion during the first 24 hours after the clinical event.


Causes of Elevated Plasma cTn Other Than ACS
Cardiac Causes
  • Cardiac contusion resulting from trauma
  • Cardiac surgery
  • Cardioversion
  • Endomyocardial biopsy
  • Acute and chronic heart failure
  • Aortic dissection
  • Aortic valve disease
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • Tachyarrhythmia
  • Bradyarrhythmia, heart block
  • Apical ballooning syndrome
  • Post–PCI
  • Rhabdomyolysis with myocyte necrosis
  • Myocarditis or endocarditis/pericarditis
Noncardiac Causes
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Severe pulmonary hypertension
  • Renal failure
  • Stroke, SAH
  • Infiltrative diseases, eg, amyloidosis
  • Cardiotoxic drugs
  • Critical illness
  • Sepsis
  • Extensive burns
  • Extreme exertion

Serial Troponin Testing
Collecting a second specimen for cTn testing within 2 to 3 hours from the collection of the blood sample at presentation to help confirm the diagnosis of MI.

Troponin kinetics in the index cases

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